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美国著名运动生理学博士论运动和营养问题-运动需要足够的主营养素和微营养素支持
作者:Sheri, R. Colberg
作者介绍：Sheri R. Colberg-Ochs博士，FACSM，是美国糖尿病协会2016年度糖尿病杰出教育家奖的获得者。该奖项表彰的是一位杰出的卫生专业人士，他在糖尿病领域做出了杰出的教育努力，并对了解糖尿病教育做出了重大贡献。
Colberg-Ochs是国际公认的糖尿病和运动方面的权威。她为许多专业组织制定了体育锻炼指南，包括美国运动医学学院、美国糖尿病教育工作者协会和美国糖尿病协会。
为每个人提供最佳的健康、减肥和维持以及运动表现的推荐营养做法目前仍在争论中。
糖尿病人为有效地运动需要增加了额外的营养素，并确保身体有足够的营养和燃料以达到最佳状态。
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营养建议因糖尿病人的运动目标而有所不同，这些目标可能集中在糖尿病和整体健康益处、体重控制、运动表现，或者综合这些因素。
健康的饮食和较高的纤维摄入量将有益于健康，但糖尿病患者也必须了解碳水化合物和其他营养物质的种类和数量对血糖控制的影响。
减肥和保持体重最好的方法是改变生活方式，包括改善饮食和更多的体育活动。运动表现和身体活动的参与受营养的影响很大，包括摄入足够的主营养素 （糖、蛋白质和脂肪）补充肌肉糖原，微营养素（维生素、矿物质和微量元素）以优化代谢，水和其它液体以保持水分，等等。
关键字
糖尿病 体育锻炼 营养饮食 减肥 运动表现
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Exercise and Nutritional Concerns
Authors：Sheri R. ColbergEmail author
Sheri R. Colberg-Ochs, PhD, FACSM, is the recipient of the American Diabetes Association's 2016 Outstanding Educator in Diabetes Award. This award recognizes a distinguished health professional who has made outstanding educational efforts in the field of diabetes and has demonstrated significant contributions to the understanding of diabetes education.
A Professor of Exercise Science at Old Dominion University and an Adjunct Professor of Internal Medicine at Eastern Virginia Medical School, Colberg-Ochs is an internationally recognized authority on diabetes and exercise. She has led the way in shaping physical activity guidelines for many professional organizations, including the American College of Sports Medicine, the American Association of Diabetes Educators and the American Diabetes Association.
Recommended nutritional practices for optimal health, weight loss and maintenance, and sports performance for everyone are still being currently debated. Diabetes adds additional elements to managing exercise effectively and ensuring that the body has adequate nutrients and fuels to perform optimally. Nutritional recommendations differ somewhat based on an individual’s goal for exercising with diabetes, which may focus on diabetes and overall health benefits, weight control, athletic performance, or a combination of these. Healthy eating and a higher fiber intake will benefit health, but individuals with diabetes must also understand the impact the types and quantities of carbohydrates and other macronutrients have on their glycemic control. Weight loss and maintenance are best accomplished through lifestyle changes that include both improvements in diet and greater physical activity participation. Athletic performance and physical activity participation are greatly affected by nutrition, including adequate intake of macronutrients to replete muscle glycogen, micronutrients to optimize metabolism, water and other fluids to maintain hydration, and more. Nutritional best practices and recommendations are given in all of these areas in this chapter.
Keywords
Diabetes Physical activity Exercise Nutrition Diet Weight loss Athletic performance
Exercise and Nutritional Concerns | SpringerLink https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-61013-9_13
