维生素P的保健作用 Vitamin P Benefits and Functions

维生素P和它的保健作用

VITAMIN P & ITS BENEFITS & FUNCTIONS

溶解性:水溶性的，这意味着任何多余的东西都可以通过尿液排出。人体不能产生这种营养物质，必须定期从饮食中获取。

什么是维生素P ?

维生素P，通常被称为生物类黄酮或类黄酮，并不是真正的维生素，尽管它们具有类维生素性质。

它们是植物中发现的大量化合物，被归类为植物色素。这些色素，超过4000个已被鉴定，赋予了水果和花卉中令人眼花缭乱的颜色。

类黄酮属于一大类有益植物化合物，即多酚。

加热、酸度、煮沸和加工过程会导致食物中黄酮含量显著减少，高达50%或更多。过度烹饪蔬菜尤其有害。

维生素P对健康有何益处

首先，类黄酮是一种强大的抗氧化剂，可以清除破坏细胞的有害自由基，改变基因DNA，加速衰老过程，并促进许多疾病的发展。

由于食物转化为能量，自由基在人体中自然存在，但更多的自由基是由香烟烟雾、紫外线、辐射、空气和水污染等毒素添加的。抗氧化剂很重要，因为它们可以中和这些自由基，减少它们造成的伤害。

生物类黄酮已被广泛研究，结果表明它们对健康有许多益处。这些可以通过观察不同的生物类黄酮来更好地理解:

柑橘类生物类黄酮 (Citrus Bioflavonoids):这些类黄酮存在于柑橘类水果中，如橘子、柠檬、橘子和葡萄柚。它们在痔疮、易淤青和静脉曲张的治疗中得到了应用和临床证明。常见的柑橘类生物黄酮类化合物包括芦丁、槲皮素、柚皮苷和橙皮苷。

槲皮素（Quercetin):这是类黄酮中最丰富、最活跃的，是一种强抗氧化剂。它是植物药用活性的主要贡献者。研究表明槲皮素具有抗病毒、抗炎、抗过敏和强大的抗癌特性。它存在于人们常吃的食物中，如苹果、茶、浆果、芸苔类蔬菜，以及许多坚果、种子和叶子，如银杏、圣约翰草和接骨木。它在花椰菜、红洋葱和大蒜中含量特别高。一项研究表明，饮食中富含红洋葱和大蒜的人患癌症的风险要低20倍。

前花青素提取物(ProanthoCyanidins)，如从松树树皮和葡萄籽中提取的，在过去的25年里一直作为营养补充剂在欧洲销售。目前还没有官方的RDA，但研究表明，每天服用60毫克的剂量可以最大限度地获益。

绿茶多酚(Green Tea Polyphenol):茶有三个主要品种——红茶、绿茶和乌龙茶。在这三种茶中，绿茶是由未发酵的茶树叶子制成的，其含量最高的多酚是强抗氧化剂。它的抗氧化作用可以是维生素C和E的20-80倍。绿茶多酚对健康有很多好处。根据发表在2004年12月1日的美国癌症研究协会的研究，绿茶多酚被发现可以防止前列腺癌的扩散并降低其他癌症的风险，如乳腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌。绿茶通过降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血清甘油三酯水平，降低了与心脏病和中风相关的危险因素。它能抑制低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的氧化，从而导致动脉粥样硬化。它在抑制血小板聚集和形成导致心脏病发作和中风的异常血块方面也和阿司匹林一样有效。此外，它还能增加高密度脂蛋白(一种有益的胆固醇)的含量，有助于从动脉壁上清除动脉粥样硬化斑块。

发表的研究报告称，绿茶显著降低血压和血糖水平。高血糖与加速衰老、心血管疾病、糖尿病和体脂有关。

绿茶似乎可以保护肝脏免受包括酒精在内的毒素的伤害。一些研究表明，儿茶素，绿茶中的一种多酚，可能有助于治疗病毒性肝炎。

绿茶能杀菌。它以其除臭作用而闻名，并有助于杀死口腔细菌，导致口臭和蛀牙。它能抑制危险的肠道细菌，但能促进友好细菌的生长。它也可以帮助治疗炎症性肠病。

传统上，绿茶在中国、日本和印度都被消费过，在那里，它的健康影响已经有几个世纪的历史了。它以解毒作用和燃烧脂肪的能力而闻名。它也用于治疗肠胃气胀，促进消化，改善心脏健康。

在传统上饮用绿茶的国家，这也是一个众所周知的事实，即不应该空腹服用。多伦多大学2006年2月发表的一项研究表明，高浓度的绿茶多酚可能导致肝损伤。

大豆异黄酮:大豆含有一种叫异黄酮的类黄酮，是植物雌激素。植物雌激素(Phytoestrogens， " phyto " = plant ")是一种天然的非甾体类植物化合物，能帮助平衡雌激素对身体的影响，当激素水平高时，阻止其作用，当雌激素水平低时，如绝经后的妇女。试验和临床试验的证据表明，植物雌激素可能有助于预防心血管疾病、骨质疏松、更年期症状和前列腺癌和乳腺癌。这些疾病在富含大豆产品和植物的饮食文化中并不常见。

因此，黄酮类化合物在许多健康状况的预防和治疗中起着重要的作用。这里总结了类黄酮的好处。

维生素P的好处和作用

1大多数类黄酮都是强大的抗氧化剂，有助于中和有害的自由基，防止氧化应激损伤细胞和DNA，并可能导致衰老和退化性疾病，如癌症、阿尔茨海默氏症或帕金森氏症

2增强其他抗氧化维生素的作用，并增加谷胱甘肽的水平，谷胱甘肽是一种重要而强大的抗氧化剂

3通过提高维生素C的吸收，延长它的效力，保护它不被氧化，从而增强维生素C的使用

4与维生素C一起工作，加强和保护血管结构，减少长期出血，瘀伤和流鼻血

5临床证明可用于痔疮和静脉曲张的治疗

6与维生素C一起使用可以缓解口腔疱疹

7含有维生素C的类黄酮可以预防感冒疮;要治疗唇疱疹，试着服用1000毫克的维生素C和1000毫克的生物类黄酮，然后一天三次减少到500毫克

8可以帮助预防和治疗白内障

9刺激胆汁生产

10用于治疗运动损伤，因为它可以减轻疼痛、肿块和瘀伤

11有助于缓解腿部和背部疼痛

12有抗病毒和抗菌活性，以及抗过敏和抗炎的特性

13通过抑制肿瘤生长来预防癌症

14。通过降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和阻止血小板凝结来降低心血管疾病和心脏病发作的风险，这可以最大限度地减少血液凝固，防止动脉壁的动脉粥样硬化斑块像阿司匹林一样有效，但没有副作用。

15已知可以降低高血压(高血压)，从而降低中风和心脏病的风险。

16槲皮素有天然的抗组胺和抗炎的特性，与溴离子一起服用可以预防和治疗哮喘和其他过敏

VITAMIN P & ITS BENEFITS & FUNCTIONS

Other Terms:

Solubility:

Water soluble, which means that any excess is excreted in urine. The body cannot produce this nutrient, and must get it from the diet regularly.

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What is Vitamin P · Benefits · Deficiency Signs · Foods · Supplements · RDA · Toxicity | Overdose

What is Vitamin P ?

Vitamin P, more commonly known as bioflavonoids, or flavonoids, are not strictly true vitamins, though they possess vitamin-like properties.

They are a vast array of compounds found in plants, and are classified as plant pigments. These pigments, over 4000 of which have been identified, are responsible for the dazzling colors of fruits and flowers.

Flavonoids belong to the larger group of beneficial plant compounds known as polyphenols.

Heat, acidity, boiling and processing can cause significant loss of flavonoid content in food, as much as 50% or more. Overcooking of vegetables is especially detrimental.

How Vitamin P Benefits Health

For a start flavonoids are powerful antioxidants that scavenge the harmful free radicals that damage our cells, and that alter genetic DNA, accelerate the aging process, and contribute to development of many diseases.

Free radicals occur naturally in the body as a result of conversion of food to energy, but more is added by toxins such as cigarette smoke, UV rays, radiation, and air and water pollution. Antioxidants are important as they neutralize these free radicals, and reduce the damage they cause.

Bioflavonoids have been extensively studied, and results show that they provide a number of health benefits. These can be better understood by looking at different groups of bioflavonoids that include:

Citrus Bioflavonoids: these are the flavonoids found in citrus fruit such as oranges, lemons, tangerines, and grapefruit. They are used and clinically proven in the treatment of hemorrhoids, easy bruising, and varicose veins. The commonly used citrus bioflavonoids include rutin, quercitrin, naringin, and hesperidin.

Quercetin : this is the most abundant and active of the flavonoids, and is a strong antioxidant. It is a major contributor to the medicinal activity of plants. Research indicates that quercetin has anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic,and powerful anti-cancer properties.It is found in commonly eaten food like apples, tea, berries, brassica vegetables, and many nuts, seeds and leaves such as Ginkgo Biloba, St. John’s Wort, and Elder. It is found in especially high amounts in broccoli, red onions, and garlic. A study has shown that people with a diet rich in red onions and garlic have 20 times less cancer risk.

ProanthoCyanidins: more commonly called pycnogenols or OPCs (oligomeric procyanidins) or PCOs (procyanidolic oligomers).These are found in many plants, especially pine bark, grape skin, and grape seed. They are also found in apples, cinnamon, cocoa, barley, bilberry, cranberry, blackcurrant, rhubarb, green tea, and black tea.Proanthocyanidins have extremely powerful antioxidant properties. Research shows that they provide 20 times more antioxidant impact than vitamin C, and 50 times more than vitamin E. They also prolong the lifespan of vitamin C, and boost vitamin E levels in blood vessels.Clinical trials of proanthocyanidins reveal many health benefits. In particular, they offer significant cardiovascular protection. Grape seed extract, for example, reduces risk of heart disease by reducing inflammation and slowing aggregation of platelets.

Other uses include antioxidant protection against atherosclerosis, cataracts, diabetes, gastric ulcer and cancer of the large intestines.

Proanthocyanidin extracts, such as from pine bark and grape seed, have been sold as nutritional supplements for the last 25 years in Europe. There is no official RDA, but research points to maximum benefits with daily dosages of 60 mg.

Green Tea Polyphenols : there are 3 main varieties of teas – black, green, and oolong. Of the three, green tea, made from unfermented Camellia Sinesis leaves, has the highest concentration of polyphenols that are powerful antioxidants. Its antioxidant impact can be 20-80 times that of vitamins C and E.Green tea polyphenols offer a number of health benefits. According to research published in the December 1 2004 issue of the American Association for Cancer Research, green tea polyphenols were found to prevent the spread of prostate cancer and to mitigate the risk of other cancers, such as breast, lung and colon cancer.Green tea reduces the risk factors associated with heart disease and stroke, by lowering LDL cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels.It inhibits oxidation of LDL cholesterol that leads to atherosclerosis. It is also as effective as aspirin in inhibiting platelet aggregation and formation of the abnormal blood clots that cause heart attacks and strokes. In addition, it increases levels of HDL, or good cholesterol, that helps remove atherosclerotic plaque from artery walls.

Published studies report that green tea lowers blood pressure and blood sugar levels significantly. High blood sugar is associated with accelerated aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and body fat.

Green tea appears to protect the liver against damage from toxins, including alcohol. Some studies suggest that catechins, one of the polyphenols in green tea, may help treat viral hepatitis.

Green tea can kill bacteria. It is known for its deodorising effect and helps kill oral bacteria that cause bad breath and cavities. It inhibits dangerous intestinal bacteria, but promotes the growth of friendly bacteria. It may also help treat inflammatory bowel diseases.

Green tea has traditionally been consumed in China, Japan and India, where its health effects have been known for centuries. It is known for its detoxifying effect, and ability to burn fat. It is also used to treat flatulence, promote digestion, and improve heart health.

It is also a known fact in countries that traditionally consume green tea, that it should not be taken in excessor on an empty stomach. A University of Toronto study published in February 2006 indicates that highly concentrated doses of green tea polyphenols may cause liver damage.

Soy Isoflavones : soy contains flavonoids called isoflavones, which are phytoestrogens. Phytoestrogens (“phyto” = plant) are natural non-steroidal plant compounds that help to balance the effect of estrogen on the body by blocking action of the hormone when levels of it are high, and acting like estrogen when estrogen levels are low, such as in postmenopausal women.Evidence from tests and clinical trials indicate that phytoestrogens may help prevent cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, menopausal symptoms, and prostate and breast cancer. These disorders are less common in cultures with diets rich in soy products and plants.

Flavonoids therefore play an important role in prevention and/or treatment of many health conditions. Benefits of flavonoids are summarized here.

VITAMIN P BENEFITS & FUNCTIONS

1. most flavonoids are powerful antioxidants that help neutralize harmful free radicals and prevent oxidative stress which damage cells and DNA, and which can lead to aging and degenerative diseases like cancer and Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease

2. enhances the effects of the other antioxidant vitamins, and increases levels of glutathione, an important and powerful antioxidant

3. enhances the use of vitamin C by improving its absorption, prolonging its effectiveness, and protecting it from oxidation

4. works with vitamin C to strengthen and protect blood vessel structure, and reduce prolonged bleeding, bruising, and nosebleeds

5. clinically proven in treatment of hemorrhoids and varicose veins

6. works with vitamin C to alleviate oral herpes

7. flavonoids with vitamin C may help prevent cold sores; to treat cold sores, try taking 1000mg of vitamin C with 1000 mg of bioflavonoids, then reduce to 500 mg of each 3 times a day

8. may help prevent and treat cataracts

9. stimulates bile production

10. used in treating sports injuries as it relieves pain, bumps, bruises

11. helpful for relieving leg and back pains

12. has antibiotic-like effect due to anti-viral and anti-bacterial activity, and also anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties

13. protects against cancer by inhibiting tumour growth

14. reduces risk of cardiovascular disease and heart attack by lowering LDL cholesterol level and stopping blood platelets from clumping, which minimises blood clotting and prevents build-up of atherosclerotic plaque on artery walls as effectively as aspirin, but without its side effects

15. known to lower hypertension (high blood pressure) and so lessen risk of stroke and heart disease

16. quercetin has natural anti-histamine and anti-inflammatory properties, and taken with bromelin may be useful in preventing and treating asthma and other allergies

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