加州大学发现了2型糖尿病的根本原因-肥胖引起炎症 导致胰岛素抵抗

UCSD Study Found Root Cause of Type 2 Diabetes

　

 

 

加州大学圣迭戈分校的研究人员认为，他们已经发现了2型糖尿病的“根本原因”——肥胖和糖尿病之间的一种分子联系，可能会导致新的治疗方法。

 

研究发现，肥胖引起的炎症会导致胰岛素抵抗，这是患上2型糖尿病的第一步。

 

一种特殊的炎症分子，LTB4，由生活在额外脂肪中的称为巨噬细胞（Macrophage) 的免疫细胞释放。研究人员发现，积极的反馈信号会让身体释放更多的巨噬细胞，然后将更多的LTB4释放到肝脏的脂肪细胞(Fat cell)中。

　

 

“这项研究很重要，因为它揭示了2型糖尿病的根本原因，”该研究的高级作者、医学教授、负责科学事务的副院长Jerrold M. Olefsky博士在一份声明中说。“既然我们知道LTB4是导致胰岛素抵抗的炎症因子，我们就可以通过抑制它来打破肥胖和糖尿病之间的联系。”

 

研究人员发现，这些LTB4随后与附近的细胞表面结合。在肥胖者中，这些细胞会发炎，身体会对胰岛素产生抗药性。

 

在加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究中，奥夫斯基和他的研究小组用基因工程小鼠来寻找逆转胰岛素抵抗的方法。

 

研究小组创造了没有LTB4受体的基因工程小鼠。没有受体，肥胖老鼠的健康状况“显著改善”。

　

 

UCSD Study Found Root Cause of Type 2 Diabetes

 

Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, believe they have discovered the "root cause" of Type 2 diabetes — a molecular link between obesity and diabetes that may lead to new treatment.

Inflammation that results from obesity leads to insulin resistance, the first step in developing Type 2 diabetes, the study found.

One inflammatory molecule in particular, LTB4, is released by immune cells living in extra fat, called macrophages. Positive feedback then signals for the body to release more macrophages, which then release more LTB4 into the fatty cells in the liver, researchers found.

"This study is important because it reveals a root cause of type 2 diabetes," the study's senior author Dr. Jerrold M. Olefsky, professor of medicine and associate dean for scientific affairs, said in a statement. "And now that we understand that LTB4 is the inflammatory factor causing insulin resistance, we can inhibit it to break the link between obesity and diabetes."

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Those LTB4 then bind to nearby cell surfaces, the researchers found. In people who are obese, those cells become inflamed and the body becomes resistant to insulin.

In the UC San Diego study, Olefsky and his team of researchers used genetically engineered mice to look for ways to reverse insulin resistance.

The team created genetically engineered mice that did not have the LTB4 receptor. Without the receptor, the health of obese mice “dramatically improved.”

 

UCSD Study Finds Root Cause of Type 2 Diabetes - NBC 7 San Diego  https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/UCSD-Study-Finds-Root-Cause-of-Type-2-Diabetes-293717331.html