水合作用(补充水分）对消防员全血粘度的影响
Effect of Hydration on Whole Blood Viscosity in Firefighters
环境:心血管疾病(CVD)是消防员执勤死亡的主要原因，总计占执勤死亡人数的45%。尽管在紧急情况下会出现持续的心动过速和最高心率的升高，但高温压力和体液流失会导致消防员的心输出量下降。全血粘度(WBV)的测量可以作为值班消防员水合脱水状态的独立生物标志物。目标当前试点研究调查的影响剧烈消防模拟和随后的WBV补液等生物学指标在9个健康,不吸烟的消防员(1)确定是否脱水和补液WBV导致检测到变化和(2)比较WBV和一系列常规体检的结果。设计研究小组设计了一个单中心的，无盲的试点研究。放火训练部，1900 Lind Ave SW, Renton, WA, 98057。参与者是9名健康、不吸烟的消防员，他们是志愿者。测量每位消防员的生命体征、传统医学血检和WBV(1)基线、(2)运动后但用碱性水补水前、(3)运动后和补水后。运动后和补水前，红细胞压积(HCT)、血红蛋白(Hb)和WBV增加。在模拟消防演习中脱水导致WBV在低剪切速率和高剪切速率下升高。HCT和Hb由于脱水和血液浓度升高。Hb和HCT在运动和补水后恢复到基线值，虽然WBV有所改善，但未恢复基线值。运动后补水前WBV变化明显大于HCT和Hb变化，说明补水状态对WBV的影响深远。结论与HCT或Hb相比，WBV检测是水合状态的更好决定因素，应用于监测高危消防员的心血管健康。
Effect of Hydration on Whole Blood Viscosity in Firefighters
ontext Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of on-duty death among firefighters, totaling 45% of on-duty fatalities. Heat stress and fluid losses can result in decreases in cardiac output of firefighters, despite sustained tachycardia and maximally elevated heart rate during emergencies. Measurements of whole blood viscosity (WBV) may serve as an independent biomarker of the hydration and dehydration states of on-duty firefighters. Objective The current pilot study investigates the effects of a strenuous firefighting simulation and subsequent rehydration on WBV and other biological metrics in nine healthy, nonsmoking firefighters to (1) determine whether dehydration and rehydration result in detectable changes in WBV and (2) compare WBV with the results from a range of conventional medical tests. Design The research team designed a single-center, unblinded pilot study. Setting Fire Training Division, 1900 Lind Ave SW, Renton, WA, 98057. Participants Participants were 9 healthy, nonsmoking firefighters who were volunteers. Outcome Measure(s) Vital signs, traditional medical blood tests, and WBV were measured for each firefighter (1) at baseline, (2) after exercise but before rehydration with alkaline water, and (3) postexercise and after rehydration. Hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), and WBV increased after exercise and before rehydration. Results • Dehydration during the mock fire drill resulted in elevated WBV at both low- and high-shear rates. HCT and Hb increased due to dehydration and hemoconcentration. Hb and HCT returned to baseline values after exercise and rehydration, and while WBV improved, baseline values were not restored. After exercise but before rehydration, WBV changes were significantly larger than HCT and Hb changes, suggesting the profound influence of hydration states on WBV. Conclusions WBV measurements were better determinants of hydration states than HCT or Hb and should be performed to monitor the cardiovascular health of at-risk firefighters.
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