英国萨里大学和中国大连理工大学：智能纳米颗粒可以被加热到足以杀死癌细胞
Self-regulating nanoparticles' can be made just hot enough to kill cancer
By Maria Cohut Published Wednesday 13 December 2017
研究人员已经开发出一种新型的纳米颗粒，这种纳米颗粒可以加热到杀死癌细胞的温度，但不会高到伤害健康组织的程度。
图示：癌症细胞三维
自调节纳米粒子可以彻底改变癌症的热疗法。
英国萨里大学(University of Surrey)和中国大连理工大学(Dalian University of Technology)的研究人员最近在《纳米尺度》(Nanoscale)杂志上发表了一篇关于这一突破的报告。
纳米技术允许科学家在原子和分子水平上操纵材料，其尺度以纳米为单位，或十亿分之一米。它是生物和生命的最基本单位运作的尺度。例如，一条DNA链有2纳米厚。
热疗，或热疗法，是一种利用热收缩或破坏肿瘤而不伤害健康组织的治疗方法。它的使用并不广泛，通常与其他治疗方法一起使用，如放疗和化疗。
大约30年前，当热疗首次被用于治疗癌症时，人们热情高涨。
然而，随着实际问题的出现，包括精确控制目标组织温度的困难，人们对热疗的兴趣很快减退。
最佳温度范围
新的研究背后的研究人员解释说,高热的最佳温度范围之间有效的癌症治疗是42°C和45°C(108°F(113°F)。保持在这个温度范围内可以削弱或杀死癌细胞而不伤害健康组织。
“如果我们能让癌症治疗坐在温度水平高到足以杀死癌细胞,而足够低停止损害健康组织,”资深作者Ravi Silva教授解释说,先进技术研究所的主管萨里大学的“这将防止一些至关重要治疗的严重副作用。”
磁性纳米颗粒是对磁场做出反应的微小颗粒——例如，通过变热。研究人员已经认识到它们在癌症热疗方面的应用潜力;它们可以被发送到体内特定的目标，然后通过在体外施加磁场加热。
'Self-regulating nanoparticles' can be made just hot enough to kill cancer
By Catharine Paddock PhD Published Wednesday 25 October 2017
Researchers have developed a new type of nanoparticle that allows itself to be heated up to a temperature that kills cancer cells, but not so high as to harm healthy tissue.
cancer cells 3d
Self-regulating nanoparticles could revolutionize thermal therapy for cancer.
In a report about the breakthrough recently published in the journal Nanoscale, researchers from the University of Surrey in the United Kingdom and Dalian University of Technology in China describe how they developed and tested the "self-regulating" nanoparticle.
Nanotechnology allows scientists to manipulate materials at the level of atoms and molecules at a scale measured in nanometers, or billionths of a meter. It is the scale at which the most basic units of biology and life operate. For instance, a strand of DNA is 2 nanometers thick.
Hyperthermia, or thermal therapy, is a type of treatment that uses heat to shrink or destroy tumors without harming healthy tissue. Its use is not widespread, and it is most often given in conjunction with other treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
When it was first suggested as a treatment for cancer around 30 years ago, hyperthermia was received with much enthusiasm.
However, interest in hyperthermia soon waned as practical problems began to emerge, including the difficulty of precisely controlling the temperature of the target tissue.
Optimal temperature range
The researchers behind the new study explain that the optimal temperature range for hyperthermia to be effective as a cancer treatment is between 42°C and 45°C (108°F and 113°F). Keeping the temperature in this range can weaken or kill cancer cells without harming healthy tissue.
"If we can keep cancer treatment sat at a temperature level high enough to kill the cancer, while low enough to stop harming healthy tissue," explains senior author Prof. Ravi Silva, head of the Advanced Technology Institute at the University of Surrey, "it will prevent some of the serious side effects of vital treatment."
Magnetic nanoparticles are tiny particles that respond to a magnetic field — for example, by getting hot. Researchers have recognized their potential for use in cancer hyperthermia; they could be sent to specific targets in the body and then heated up by applying a magnetic field outside the body.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319868.php?sr
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