高碳酸血症对心肌血流和代谢的影响
The effect of hypercapnia on myocardial blood flow and metabolism
I. McA. Ledingham T. I. McBride J. R. Parratt J. P. Vance
1.
在三氯乙烯麻醉的封闭胸犬中,吸入的二氧化碳足以使动脉二氧化碳分压从40毫米汞柱增加到100毫米汞柱左右,增加心肌血流量(使用133Xe清除技术测量)和右心房压力。平均动脉血压、心率和心输出量没有一致的变化。
2. 高碳酸血症对心肌血流量的影响不受阿托品、普萘洛尔或布来替林的影响。由此可见,动脉PCO2升高对心肌微循环具有直接的血管舒张作用。
3.高碳酸血症时,冠状窦PO2升高,冠状动脉动静脉氧含量差,心肌耗氧量计算降低。提示后一种效应可能是由于动脉血pH值降低引起的心肌抑制所致。
4. 在高碳酸血症之前或期间均无心肌葡萄糖摄取的证据。心肌中乳酸和丙酮酸的含量在0 ~ 55%之间。急性高碳酸血症时,乳酸的提取率通常下降。
5. 当动脉二氧化碳分压维持在100毫米汞柱1小时内,对心肌血流和耗氧量的影响没有持续。
6. 10-20毫米汞柱动脉二氧化碳分压的逐步升高和降低引起心肌血流量的相应增加和减少,表明20-30毫米汞柱动脉二氧化碳分压的变化可以显著影响心肌血流量。
参考文献
The effect of hypercapnia on myocardial blood flow and metabolism - Ledingham
- 1970 - The Journal of Physiology - Wiley Online Library
https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009197
Hydrogen peroxide enhances phagocytosis of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa in hyperoxia
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia is a necessary treatment for patients with
respiratory distress. However, patients on mechanical ventilation have increased
susceptibility to infection. Studies including ours have shown that reactive
oxygen species (ROS), generated by exposure to prolonged hyperoxia, can cause a
decrease in the phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages. Hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2) is a form of ROS generated under hyperoxic conditions. In this study, we
examined whether treatment with H2O2 directly affects macrophage phagocytic
ability in RAW 264.7 cells that were exposed to either 21% O2 (room air) or 95%
O2 (hyperoxia). Moderate concentrations (ranging from 10 to 250 µM) of H2O2
significantly enhanced macrophage phagocytic activity and restored
hyperoxia-suppressed phagocytosis through attenuation of hyperoxia-induced
disorganization of actin cytoskeleton and actin oxidation. These results
indicate that H2O2 at low–moderate concentrations can be beneficial to host
immune responses by improving macrophage phagocytic activity.
过氧化氢增强高氧血症中铜绿假单胞菌的吞噬作用
摘要
机械通气合并高氧血症是呼吸窘迫患者的必要治疗方法。但是,接受机械通气的患者对感染的敏感性更高。包括我们在内的研究表明,长时间暴露于高氧血症下产生的活性氧(ROS)会导致肺泡巨噬细胞的吞噬活性降低。过氧化氢(H2O2)是在高氧条件下产生的ROS形式。在这项研究中,我们检查了过氧化氢处理是否直接影响暴露于21%O2(室内空气)或95%O2(高氧)的RAW
264.7细胞中的巨噬细胞吞噬能力。中等浓度的H2O2(范围从10到250
µM)可显着增强巨噬细胞的吞噬活性,并通过减弱高氧诱导的肌动蛋白细胞骨架紊乱和肌动蛋白氧化来恢复高氧抑制的吞噬作用。这些结果表明,中低浓度的H2O2可通过改善巨噬细胞的吞噬活性而有益于宿主免疫反应。
Hydrogen peroxide enhances phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hyperoxia:
Journal of Immunotoxicology: Vol 8, No 1
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/1547691X.2010.531063