最新的研究证实：运动和吃健康的饮食是维持心血管健康的最有效方法 抗氧化剂能使血管年青15~20年

　

Novel antioxidant makes old blood vessels seem young again

　

发布日期:2018年4月19日·

By Lisa Marshall

　

 

摘要：

老年人服用一种新型抗氧化剂MitoQ10 (辅酶Q10)后，他们的血管会变年轻15到20年；

在服用补充剂时，受试者的一项重要的血管健康指标（动脉的扩张率）提高了42%；

这项研究表明，将线粒体与抗氧化剂作为目标，可能是对抗心血管老化的有效方法。

 

　

图示：蓝色的线粒体图像一种新的抗氧化剂，由科罗拉多大学 Boulder研究人员研究的靶向线粒体，上图，以逆转血管老化

　

 

一项新的研究表明，老年人如果服用一种新的抗氧化剂，特别是针对细胞的动力工厂或线粒体，他们的血管在六周内就会发生15到20年的逆转。

 

本周发表在美国心脏协会期刊《高血压》上的这项研究，增加了越来越多的证据表明，药物级的营养补充品，或营养保健品，可以在预防心脏病方面发挥重要作用——心脏病是这个国家的头号杀手。研究人员说，由于口服抗氧化剂在近年来被广泛认为是无效的，它使人们重新认识到，如果针对性补充的话，它可能会带来可衡量的健康益处。

 

“这是第一个评估线粒体特异性抗氧化剂对人类血管功能的影响的临床试验，”主要作者Matthew Rossman说，。“这表明，像这样的治疗方法可能对降低与年龄相关的心血管疾病的风险有切实的希望，他是综合生理学部门的博士后研究员。”

 

在这项研究中，Rossman和资深作者Doug Seals-衰老实验室综合生理学的主任，Boulder地区招募了20名60至79岁的健康男性和女性。

 

有一半的人每天服用20毫克叫做MitoQ的补充剂。它是通过化学改变自然产生的抗氧化辅酶Q10使其附着在细胞内的线粒体。

 

另一半则服用安慰剂。

 

六周后，研究人员评估了血管内壁(或内皮细胞)的功能，通过测量血管扩张时血管扩张的程度。

 

然后，经过两周的“洗净”期后，两组人互换，安慰剂组服用补充剂，反之亦然。测试是重复的。

 

研究人员发现，服用补充剂时，受试者动脉的扩张率提高了42%，这使得他们的血管看起来更像15到20岁的人。Rossman说，如果持续下去，这种程度的改善与心脏病发病率降低约13%有关。研究还表明，扩张的改善是由于氧化应激的减少。

　

 

在安慰剂的情况下，参与者的动脉硬化——另一种迹象表明血管功能障碍——补充与减少的僵硬有关。

 

之前在海豹实验室进行的一项老鼠研究也显示了类似的结果。

 

“在年老的老鼠中，它逆转了与年龄有关的血管功能的变化，使它看起来像年轻老鼠的动脉，”海豹说。

 

重新释放抗氧化剂的光芒

由于氧化应激，代谢副产物的过量生产被称为自由基，它会破坏内皮并损害其功能。当我们年轻的时候，我们的身体会产生足够的抗氧化剂来抑制自由基。但Rossman说，随着年龄的增长，线粒体和其他细胞过程产生了过量的自由基，身体的抗氧化防御能力也跟不上。

 

口服抗氧化补充剂，如维生素C和维生素E，在几项大型研究表明它们无效后，受到冷落。

 

这项研究给受到损害的理论带来了新的生命。这个理论认为补充抗氧化剂能改善健康。“它表明，针对特定的自由基源头-线粒体可能是减少氧化应激和改善心血管健康的更好方法。”

 

这项研究由美国国立卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health)资助。MitoQ有限公司提供补充剂和一些资金支持。今年夏天，Rossman和海豹计划将开展为期三个月的跟踪研究，以在更大的人群确认这个研究的发现，并更仔细地观察该化合物对线粒体的影响。

 

同一实验室最近发表的另一项研究表明，一种叫做烟酰胺核糖苷（nicotinamide riboside）的化合物也可以逆转健康受试者的血管老化。

 

“运动和吃健康的饮食是维持心血管健康的最有效方法，” Seals 教授说。但事实是，在公共卫生层面，没有足够的人愿意这么做。我们正在寻找一种互补的、基于证据的方法来预防与年龄有关的疾病。这些补充剂可能就是其中之一。

　

https://s.click.taobao.com/uIoaKNw

　

　

 

Novel antioxidant makes old blood vessels seem young again

Published: April 19, 2018 • By Lisa Marshall

A blue image of mitochondria

A novel antioxidant studied by CU Boulder researchers targets mitochondria, pictured above, to reverse vascular aging.

 

Older adults who take a novel antioxidant that specifically targets cellular powerhouses, or mitochondria, see aging of their blood vessels reverse by the equivalent of 15 to 20 years within six weeks, according to new CU Boulder research.

 

The study, published this week in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension, adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting pharmaceutical-grade nutritional supplements, or nutraceuticals, could play an important role in preventing heart disease—the nation’s No. 1 killer. It also resurrects the notion that oral antioxidants, which have been broadly dismissed as ineffective in recent years, could reap measurable health benefits if properly targeted, the authors say.

 

“This is the first clinical trial to assess the impact of a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant on vascular function in humans,” said lead author Matthew Rossman, a postdoctoral researcher in the department of integrative physiology. “It suggests that therapies like this may hold real promise for reducing the risk of age-related cardiovascular disease.”

 

Key takeaways

Older adults who take a novel antioxidant see aging of their blood vessels reverse by the equivalent of 15 to 20 years.

When taking the supplement, subjects saw a key measure of vascular health improve by 42 percent.

The study suggests targeting mitochondria with antioxidants may be an effective way of combatting cardiovascular aging.

For the study, Rossman and senior author Doug Seals, director of the Integrative Physiology of Aging Laboratory, recruited 20 healthy men and women age 60 to 79 from the Boulder area.

 

Half took 20 milligrams per day of a commercially available supplement called MitoQ. It's made by chemically altering the naturally-occurring antioxidant Coenzyme Q10 to make it cling to mitochondria inside cells.

 

The other half took a placebo.

 

After six weeks, researchers assessed how well the lining of blood vessels, or the endothelium, functioned, by measuring how much subjects’ arteries dilated with increased blood flow.

 

Then, after a two-week “wash out” period of taking nothing, the two groups switched, with the placebo group taking the supplement, and vice versa. The tests were repeated.

 

The researchers found that when taking the supplement, dilation of subjects’ arteries improved by 42 percent, making their blood vessels, at least by that measure, look like those of someone 15 to 20 years younger. An improvement of that magnitude, if sustained, is associated with about a 13 percent reduction in heart disease, Rossman said. The study also showed that the improvement in dilation was due to a reduction in oxidative stress.

 

In participants who, under placebo conditions, had stiffer arteries—another indication of vascular dysfunction—supplementation was associated with reduced stiffness.

 

A previous study conducted in the Seals laboratory in mice showed similar results.

 

“In old mice it reversed the age-related changes in their vascular function and made it look like they had the arteries of young mice,” said Seals.

 

Shedding new light on antioxidants

Blood vessels grow stiff and have trouble dilating with age largely as a result of oxidative stress, the excess production of metabolic byproducts called free radicals which can damage the endothelium and impair its function. When we’re young, our bodies produce enough antioxidants to quench those free radicals. But with age, the balance tips, as mitochondria and other cellular processes produce excess free radicals and the body’s antioxidant defenses can’t keep up, Rossman said.

 

Oral antioxidant supplements like vitamin C and vitamin E fell out of favor after several large studies showed them to be ineffective.

 

“This study breathes new life into the discredited theory that supplementing the diet with antioxidants can improve health,” said Seals. “It suggests that targeting a specific source—mitochondria—may be a better way to reduce oxidative stress and improve cardiovascular health with aging.”

 

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health. MitoQ Limited provided supplements and some financial support. This summer, Rossman and Seals plan to launch a three-month follow-up study to confirm the findings in a larger number of subjects and look more closely at the impact the compound has on mitochondria.

 

The same lab published another study recently, showing that a different compound called nicotinamide riboside may also be able to reverse vascular aging in healthy subjects.

 

“Exercise and eating a healthy diet are the most well-established approaches for maintaining cardiovascular health,” said Seals, a professor of integrative physiology. “But the reality is, at the public health level, not enough people are willing to do that. We’re looking for complementary, evidence-based options to prevent the age-related changes that drive disease. These supplements may be among them.”

　

 

Novel antioxidant makes old blood vessels seem young again | CU Boulder Today | University of Colorado Boulder  https://www.colorado.edu/today/2018/04/19/novel-antioxidant-makes-old-blood-vessels-seem-young-again