乙型肝炎:所有你必须知道的

Hepatitis B: All You Must Know About It

　

By Deborah Turner -July 9, 2018

　

　

　

乙型肝炎是一种传染性很强的慢性疾病，会影响肝脏。它是由乙肝病毒引起的。它会引起急性和慢性感染。

它会在肝脏上留下疤痕，导致肝功能衰竭和肝癌。这是一种DNA病毒，与甲型肝炎或丙型肝炎病毒没有任何关系。它的传染性很强，甚至可能比艾滋病毒更强。

这种病毒具有抵抗和在受感染细胞中持续存在的能力，使其能够轻易复制，从而导致慢性疾病，如肝衰竭。全球每年约有80万人死于乙肝相关疾病。

　

乙型肝炎
疾病分为两个阶段:
 
乙型肝炎的急性期:这一阶段的感染仍然处于一个新的水平或新的阶段。这意味着在这一阶段，患者可能直到4个月后才出现症状。这种疾病有隐藏自己的能力，但在大多数急性肝炎病例中，感染将在数周甚至数月后自行消失。
但在一些人身上，这种疾病变成了一种非常严重的、威胁生命的急性肝炎，被称为暴发性肝炎。这种形式不会自行解决，它有成为慢性的能力。
 
乙型肝炎的慢性阶段:它是乙型肝炎病毒更为严重和威胁生命的阶段。在这个阶段，病毒已经完全发展了在其感染细胞中抵抗的能力，因此它永远不会完全消失。这发生在个人感染6个月后。
 
 
 
这里有一些对你了解这种感染非常重要的事情;
 
肝炎是一种非常常见的感染，常见于亚洲、非洲、中国、菲律宾和中东地区。大约有10%的人通常携带乙型病毒。

乙型肝炎被认为是全世界肝癌死亡的主要原因，也是全球一般癌症死亡的第二大原因。
在该病的初始阶段，症状通常不会表现出来。这是因为这种疾病在体内可以持续6个月而不会产生任何症状。
症状通常以一般和一般的非特异性症状开始，如一般的身体虚弱，疲劳和可能发烧。患者还可能出现恶心、呕吐和食欲不振。
随后症状逐渐变得非常严重，表现为黄疸、尿液呈深色或棕色、巩膜发黄、身体瘙痒和右上腹部剧烈疼痛。
 
乙型肝炎是全球肝硬化和肝细胞癌的主要原因。据统计，全球约有3 -4亿人携带乙肝病毒。
婴儿甚至在子宫里就可以从母亲那里感染这种病毒，这些婴儿中的大多数几乎超过90%进入乙肝的慢性和长期阶段。
这种感染通过性交(无保护)、静脉注射(I.V)药物、与自己挖好的伴侣共用感染针头、同性恋、输血和围产期输血(即从母亲转移到婴儿的血液)传播。

大多数慢性乙型肝炎患者建议远离酒精。也许，你可能正在阅读这篇文章，并且已经确诊了，请远离酒精，因为酒精只会让事情变得更糟，而且会迅速下降。这只会增加你得肝硬化和肝癌的机会。

乙型肝炎引起的肝癌与其他类型的肝癌有很大的不同。其他肝癌是从身体其他器官的其他细胞开始扩散到肝脏的，但这种类型的肝癌是从肝脏开始的，因为对肝脏的长期损害。

肝硬化是一种肝脏疾病，当肝上开始形成疤痕组织时发生。这些疤痕变得如此严重以至于它开始导致肝脏的功能开始下降导致肝脏停止所有功能。这将影响身体内部的所有过程，如血液流动，清除毒素和毒物，同样也会影响身体必需营养的消化。

这种感染的传播可以在孩子(5和7岁的)之间。它通常是与这个年龄段,因为他们倾向于分享东西,接触受感染的体液的孩子的孩子传播给没有感染的孩子，因此感染容易传播。

这种病毒的另一种简单传播途径是通过性传播。与感染者发生无保护措施的性行为会使你有很高的感染t的风险。

　

Hepatitis B: All You Must Know About It

　

It is another article on the Hepatitis series and this time, we would be discussing Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a very infectious and chronic disease that affects the liver. It is caused by the Hepatitis B virus. It causes acute as well as chronic infections.

　

It causes scarring on the liver, liver failure and also cancer of the liver. It is a DNA virus, with small irregular features just like HIM, and it is in no way related to Hepatitis A or hepatitis C virus. It is very infectious perhaps more infectious even than the HIV virus.

　

This virus has the ability to resist and persist in infected cells allowing it the ability to easily replicate thereby causing chronic conditions such as liver failure. Approximately over 800,000 people die of Hepatitis B related diseases every year globally.

　

Hepatitis B

These disease presents in two stages namely:

 

The ACUTE STAGE of Hepatitis B: This is the stage in which the infection is still in a new level or new stage. This means that in this stage, the individual may not even experience any symptom until about 4 months later. This disease has the ability to hide itself but in most cases of acute Hepatitis, the infection will resolve itself in weeks at most months.

But in some people although in a smaller number, this disease becomes a very severe and life-threatening form of acute hepatitis known as fulminant Hepatitis. This form won’t resolve itself and it has the ability to become chronic.

 

The CHRONIC STAGE of Hepatitis B: it is a more severe and more life-threatening stage of the Hepatitis B virus. At this stage, the virus has fully developed the ability to resist in its infected cells and therefore it never goes away completely. This occurs after 6 months of the individual having the infection.

 

 

 

Here are a few things that are very essential for you to know about this infection;

 

Hepatitis is a very common infection that is seen in Asia, Africa, China, the Philippines and the middle east. Almost 10% of the population usually develops the Chronic Hepatitis B.

　

Hepatitis B is considered a leading cause of liver cancer deaths around the world and also the second leading cause of General cancer deaths across the globe.

Symptoms don’t generally show and symptoms at the initial stage of this disease. This is because the disease can last for up to 6months in the body without giving off any symptoms.

Symptoms usually begin with the general and usual non-specific ones such as General body weakness, tiredness and maybe fever. The person might also experience nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite.

Symptoms then gradually becomes very severe with presentations such as jaundice, dark or brown-colored urine, yellowing of the sclera, body itching and severe pain in the right upper abdominal region.

 

Hepatitis B is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and also hepatocellular carcinoma globally. According to statistics, about 300-400 million people are suffering from Hepatitis B worldwide.

Infants can get this virus from their mothers even from the womb and majority of these infants almost more than 90% of them proceed to chronic and long-term stage of Hepatitis B.

This infection is transmitted via sexual intercourse(unprotected), intravenous (I.V) drugs, sharing of infected needles with one’s dug partner, homosexuality, blood transfusion, and perinatal transfusion (i.e. the blood transferred from the mothers to their babies).

　

Most patients with Chronic Hepatitis B are advised to stay away from alcohol. Perhaps, you may be reading this and already diagnosed, please stay away from alcohol because alcohol will only make things worse and decline very fast. This will only increase your chances of getting liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.

　

The type of liver cancer caused by Hepatitis B is very different from other type of liver cancers. Other liver cancers start from other cells of the other organs of the body and then it spreads to the liver, but this starts type of liver cancer starts in the liver due to a prolonged damage to the liver.

　

Cirrhosis is a disease of the liver which occurs when a scar tissue starts to form on the liver. These scarring then becomes so severe so much so that it starts to cause the function of the liver to begin to decline causing the liver to stop functioning all together. This will affect all the internal body processes like blood flow, removal of toxins and poisons, and likewise digestion of essential body nutrients.

　

Transmission of this infection can be between children too (between the ages of 5 and 7). It is usually common with this age bracket because they tend to share things that would have come in contact with the body fluid of an infected child to a child who is not infected hence this infection is spread easily.

Another easy means of transmission of this virus is through sex. Having unprotected sex with an infected person puts you at a very high risk of contracting the disease. This occurs when body fluids of an infected person such as semen, body sweat, or vaginal secretions enter the body of an uninfected person. This accounts for majority of cases of acute hepatitis B.

　

For people with multiple sexual partners or men who have anal sex with other men likewise couples who engage in anal sex are more at risk of contracting this disease.

 

Health workers too who handle blood and other body secretions are prone to contracting this disease if they are not very careful and also if they lack personal hygiene.

　

There is no specific and single treatment for Hepatitis B. Most times, antiviral drugs are usually prescribed so as to slow down the progress of the disease on the liver. This will limit the pain associated and also the risk of getting liver cancer (the main disease)

　

According to World Health Organization, a vaccine mostly is in the use of preventing the possibility of getting this disease.

It is important to know that anyone allergic to yeast must not take any anti Hepatitis B medicine. This is because yeast is used in the production of a Hepatitis B vaccine.

　

Your diet is very important when trying to manage Hepatitis B symptoms. Eat enough of vegetables as this contains chlorophyll which is very essential for liver damage and it is highly beneficial in controlling and managing oxidative stores.

　

Avoid foods and drinks that are spicy as this will cause an inflammatory effect. Sugary and carbonated drinks are prohibited. Try to eat natural foods and not refined foods.

　

Avoid over the counter drugs as they have the tendency to worsen and increase liver damage. For people with Hepatitis B, your aim is to reduce liver damage and so taking over the counter drugs will increase your chances of liver damage which is the opposite of what you want,

　

Always take in water. One of the basic symptoms of Hepatitis B is vomiting and diarrhea. Due to this, body fluid is lost and in order to replenish it, you are to stay hydrated by taking water. This will help you and sustain you ensuring you don’t get dehydrated.

 

https://healthable.org/hepatitis-b-all-you-must-know-about-it/